FDA released the countermeasures for economic motivated adulteration (EMA). The recommended methods are defense framework in Food Safety Modernization Act aiming at intentional adulteration, and voluntary prevention and control framework.

　　United States Pharmacopeial Convention believes neither the two methods can reduce EMA risks and suggests FDA formulate special framework according to the nature of EMA.

onvention suggests formulating a set of hybrid schemes to reduce the risks combining EMA probability loophole assessment, public health risk assessmsnet and loophole control scheme.